Inequality in the UK its effect on the national economy Essay

Inequality in the UK its effect on the national economy - Essay Example Why should economists care about inequality in the distribution of incomes? Poverty and economic inequality are intimately bound with one another both as a policy or an analytical issue. Economic well-being and income distribution are related as demonstrated in the societal understanding of justice and human rights, and, therefore, render economic equality an intrinsic value. High levels of economic equity are associated with desirable social outcomes especially in the realms of health and crime (Andrew and Meen2006). The EU defines poverty as living on less than half the average national income, as such, irrespective of the average income, the greater the income inequality, the higher levels of poverty in a country. The definition of the extent of poverty depends on both the level of a society’s income and the distribution of income. Therefore, societal standards or norms of essential needs in a society are determined by the middle class (Brueckner, Thisse and Zenou 1999). In the case of two societies where the bottom segments have the same level of income, poverty is more prevalent in the in the society where income is more unequally distributed. The bottom quintile of the unequal society will be more isolated from the middle quintile and will, therefore, be further from meeting the standards of that society. As a result, more members of this bottom quintile will be stuck in poverty (Beroube 2005).

The Third Bank of the River :: Third Bank River Essays

The Third Bank of the River Beginning shortly before the turn of the last century, there was a noticeable trend towards the ambiguous in modern Brazilian literature. Writers such as Machado de Assis and Jorge Amado have both explored the use of the unstated and the forced compromise between extremes that have grown to be so crucial to the modernist movement. No Brazilian author, however, has mastered the compromise quite like Joà £o Guimarà £es Rosa, a man who was once described as not only leading, but preceding the reader "to a place where there is discord and cacophony under which there is a strange harmony†¦the third bank of the river†¦the land every soul craves for." In his collection of short stories, Primeiras Està ³rias (1962), Rosa pays particularly close attention to ambiguity as a main theme in Brazilian backland writing. First translated to English in 1968 under the title First Stories, Primeiras Està ³rias, and in particular, "The Third Bank of the River," is in many ways the defining work of the Brazilian short story. Carl Jung once said "the confrontation of the two positions [of opposites] generates a tension charged with energy and creates a living, third thing."1 In "The Third Bank of the River," Joà £o Guimarà £es Rosa does just that by first exploring these separate, symbolic opposites in the lives of members of the narrator’s family. He then crafts, out of the conflict, a third position which can be, at best, described as a compromise between the two extremes. Often times, these extremes are the very definitions of characterization we come to expect in a short story, and, by blurring these lines, Rosa is able to also blur "The Third Bank of the River" into a work of ambiguous and allegorical nature. By never exactly defining the third essence that is created, the author is able to explore this clearly important topic in greater depth. The importance of the crossing is that, in every case the author presents, it represents the journey from one position to its opposite, continuing un til the characters reach their final destination: the third, intermediate situation. It is in this way that father’s crossing has a profound effect on the family (most notably the narrator) and the way they conduct the rest of their lives. The important thing to recognize immediately about "The Third Bank of the River" is that it can either be read as a literal retelling of the events or as a metaphor concerning the death of a loved one.

Child Abortion Essay

Pregnancy is the common we always see as a result of marriage and love. For some people, it is a good news to be pregnant, but it is also a very bad and unexpected thing. There are many reasons to says that it is appropriate to have a baby.There are many difficulties to have an abortion in the past; nowadays, couples can do that legally. As the abortion become a common thing, many people abuse and see it in an improper perspective, which results in loosening their aborting decisions. Abortion comes in many forms because of different reasons causes it. The biggest reason which causes abortion is sex-selection. Sex-selection has been practiced in the past; but in the modern world, they reduced much but some are still doing it silently. A very clear example of how abortion is practicing nowadays is from the article of Artemisia Ng., when she mentioned a story refers to the abortion that happens in China. In â€Å"Protecting women and girls in China, where one child per family is the rule – and a boy the preference†, Chai was a protester who was being wanted in China. Artemisia Ng. included Chai’s thought in the article: â€Å"Chai was referring to China’s one-child policy, in which officials force pregnant women to abort their babies. In place since 1979, the â€Å"one child† rule has prompted many Chinese to practice sex selection, using ultrasound screenings to determine whether the fetus is a boy or girl and then aborting females or abandoning them after birth to orphanages. More than 35,000 forced abortions were performed in China each day in 2009.†( Ng.) This information is really shocking; just in China, that is an average of over ten millions of babies is being killed each year. Since the Chinese refer to male babies, the ratio between boy and girls will increase dramatically. The effect of this abortion affect the geography factors; but more importantly, it is breaking the society morals. New technologies may be the cure to end abortion in developed countries. As in the essays by Rajani Bhatia, United States has discovered the new method to have a baby without a wife or husband. This is the solution to eliminate the issue which stated above, society morals. In â€Å"Constructing Gender from the Inside Out: Sex-Selection Practices in the United States†, Rajani Bhatia states factors that makes the sex-selection in United States become normal. According to the author, one of the factor is: â€Å"They are the emergence of a second generation of medicalized sex-selection technologies performed prior to pregnancy, the increasing publicity about these technologies in the popular media, and the formation of active Internet support groups for individuals who desire to preselect the sex of their children† (Bhatia). The other factor that would result couples to have an abortion is the disease or disability of the future baby. Parents often decide not to have the baby if they get bad results from the analyzing of their baby’s health. Sometimes, in analyzing, if there are posibilities that the baby have disease or disability, the couples may also abort the baby instead of taking the risk. The immoral here is that if the baby is healthy, then they have killed one innocent life. Analyzing and screening the baby before giving birth has became a trend all over the world; that makes the possibilities of abortion quickly increase. This factor might be the reason for people to use to justify their abortion action, make it become less significant. But the truth is that it is still an abortion; every child deserve to live. Work Cited Bhatia Rajani. â€Å"Constructing Gender from the Inside Out: Sex-Selection Practices in the United States.† Feminist Studies Summer 2010, Vol. 36, Iss. 2; pg. 260, ProQuest. Web 21 Nov. 2010. Artemisia Ng. â€Å"Protecting women and girls in China, where one child per family is the rule – and a boy the preference. † The Christian Science Monitor 16 Aug. 2010, ProQuest National Newspapers Expanded, ProQuest. Web. 21 Nov. 2010.

Importance Of Economic Market Structures - 1406 Words

Importance of Economic Market Structures Before an organization or investor makes a strategic decision to enter a product in today’s economy, a thorough market analysis is vital to fully comprehend the domestic and international demand, current suppliers, entry and exit barriers present, and cost of production for the product or service being provided. The culmination of this investigation identifies the market structure the product resides in, associated potential long-run profitability, cost efficiency, survivability, and incentives for future entrepreneurs. This paper will describe the characteristics of four such market structures: perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, monopoly while providing an illustrative†¦show more content†¦It is important to keep in mind that this is a theoretical model. Real data does not exist, and the model does not precisely describe reality.† (Amacher Pate, 2012) The perfect competition model is based on def ined assumptions which prevent its adaptation into a real-life economy; however it is often described as the baseline model to compare all other structures. These assumptions are: (1.) Large volume of buyers and sellers: A perfect competition market has many buyers and sellers so none are able to influence the market. (2.) Homogenous products: All producers generate the same product with no differentiation. (3.) Excellent or perfect knowledge: Buyers and sellers have an extensive amount of information about the product and other producers. (4.) Free entry and exit into the market: Firms are able to allocate resources in and out of this market easily with little expense. (5.) Firms are able to quickly to respond to a changing consumer demand. (6.)Workers and other resources are easily moved in and out of the industry. While there is not one organization which is able to meet all of these assumptions, one of the best examples to illustrate a perfect competition market structure is the agricultural model. If a farmer produces one field of corn out of literally thousands harvested per year, it will not affect the market supply or price if he or she produces moreShow MoreRelatedImportance Of Economic Market Structure3664 Words   |  15 Pages Importance of Economic Market Structures Kevin Green Economics 204 Principles of Microeconomics Charles Fanning 8-3-14 Importance of Economic Market Structure In today’s economy, before an investor or any organization makes a strategic decision to begin production of a product, a market analysis is done to get vital information and to thoroughly understand the domestic or international demand, current suppliers, entry and exit barriers into a market, and the cost of producing a productRead MoreImportance Of Economic Market Structure3611 Words   |  15 PagesImportance of Economic Market Structure In today’s economy, before an investor or any organization makes a strategic decision to begin production of a product, a market analysis is done to get vital information and to thoroughly understand the domestic or international demand, current suppliers, entry and exit barriers into a market, and the cost of producing a product or service. 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